*                   Today in Black History - October 15             *

1877 - Jackson College in Jackson, Mississippi is established.

1883 - The U.S. Supreme Court declares that The Civil Rights Act of 1875
        is unconstitutional. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 stated that
        "All persons within the jurisdiction of the United States shall
        be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment of the accomodations,
        advantages, facilities, and privileges of inns, public conveyances
        on land or water, theaters, and other places of public amusement;
        subject only to the conditions and limitations established by law
        and applicable alike to citizens of every race and color,
        regardless of any previous condition of servitude."

1890 - Savannah State College in Savannah, Georgia is established.

1890 - The Alabama Penny Savings Bank is founded in Birmingham, Alabama
        by W.R. Pettiford with $2,000 in capital.  Although, so strapped
        for funds in its initial months that its officers will not draw
        salaries, the bank will prosper so well that during the panic of
        1893, it will remain open when larger, white banks in Birmingham
        fail.

1917 - The first significant group of African American officers are
        commissioned by the U.S. Army.

1949 - William Hastie is nominated for the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals.
        He will be the first African American to sit on the court.

1953 - Toriano Adaryll Jackson is born in Gary, Indiana.  He will become
        a singer and member of The Jackson Five known as Tito.

1957 - The Sickle Cell Disease Research Foundation opens in Los Angeles,
        California. It is the forerunner to a national association and
        over 50 local chapters dedicated to providing education,
        screening, counseling, and research in the genetic disease that
        affects over 50,000 individuals, mostly African Americans.

1964 - Bob Hayes wins a gold medal for the 100-meter dash in the 1964
        Olympic Games in Tokyo with a time of ten seconds, equaling the
        world record.

1968 - Wyomia Tyus becomes the first person to win a gold medal in the
        100-meter race in consecutive Olympic games.

1969 - Abdi Rashid Ali Shermarke, President of Somalia, is assassinated.

1974 - The National Guard is mobilized to restore order in the Boston
        school busing crisis.

1989 - South African officials release eight prominent political
        prisoners, including Walter Sisulu, a leader of the African
        National Congress.

1991 - Judge Clarence Thomas is confirmed as the 106th associate justice
        of the United States Supreme Court, despite sexual harassment
        allegations by Anita Hill, with a Senate vote of 52-48.  He
        becomes the second African American to sit on the Supreme Court.

1993 - African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela and South African
        President F.W. de Klerk are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for
        their work to end apartheid and laying the foundations for a
        democratic South Africa.

1994 - Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide returns to his country,
        three years after being overthrown by army rulers. The U.N.
        Security Council welcomes Aristide's return by voting to lift
        stifling trade sanctions imposed against Haiti.

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