I had raised a question several days ago about the cause of 'blue screens of death' errors when running Netscape 4.5 (usually when sending email), citing ifsmgr.vxd as the culprit. Sometimes it just mentioned ifsmgr.vxd and sometimes it indicated the ifsmgr.vxd error was called by pppmac.vxd. Once it cited afvxd.vxd as the culprit Got some good advice from the list members but couldnt shake the errors, which happened to be not just in netscape but also when just connecting sometimes with MSDUN. Went thru the reinstalls and reloads... no luck til i installed the winsock2 from microsoft and their MSDUN 1.3 update. Problem hasnt come back... maybe an answer. David Hurst Do you want to signoff PCSOFT or just change to Digest mode - visit our web site: http://nospin.com/pc/pcsoft.html