<<Disclaimer: Verify this information before applying it to your situation.>> I don't know what you may do in the US but as a (sadly ex) beekeeper in two countries in Europe, I can tell you what we do. Honey is extracted from comb by centrifugation. It is filtered through a sieve then a fine nylon filter The honey is either jarred immediately or stirred to prevent large crystals forming then jarred. Some may be sold on in bulk. Subsequently this may be heated to "clarify" it but most honey buffs seem to prefer cold-processed honey. No honey that I or any other beekeeper I know personally has produced, has ever been contaminated with gluten. I do not believe even that the bees will bring any wheat proteins in to the hive, as grass pollens are spread by wind and less sticky than bee pollinated plant pollens making it nearly impossible for them to transport them. Basically, if you buy direct from your local small beekeeper, you are not likely to find a more GF food. What the "big boys" do with it afterwards, heaven only knows. Regards David David J Walland University of Bristol Radiation Protection Adviser [log in to unmask] Tel +44 (0)117 928 8323 Fax +44 (0)117 929 1209