<<Disclaimer: Verify this information before applying it to your situation.>> The discussion of papain as possibly helpful in reducing the effects of gluten in celiac diets reminded me to look at Adolph's meat tenderizer, in which papain is the "active" ingredient. Since "food starch" was listed I called the toll free number (800-328-7248) of Van den Bergh Foods in Lisle Illinois, and was told by Eileen that "All Adolph's products are gluten free." She went and checked into this further and called me back to confirm, though I could not get her to tell me what the source of the food starch is. For what it's worth, my son does not react to Adolph's. Linda Blanchard [log in to unmask] Midland TX USA