<<Disclaimer: Verify this information before applying it to your situation.>> As an addition to Bill Elkus's posting on lactose intolerance, I will mention that about 80% of Northern Europeans are lactose tolerant as adults (through maintenance of their levels of the enzyme lactase), but that leaves 20% who are lactose intolerant as adults. Throughout much of the rest of the world these numbers are reversed, with about 80% of the populations intolerant of lactose as adults. If you are someone with celiac disease who happens to be among the 20% (or 80% in the second case) who are lactose intolerant, you probably will not be able to tolerate lactose even when largely recovered on a gluten-free diet because your lactase levels have declined in what is a largely normal process after the need for digestion of breast milk (with high lactose levels) has disappeared. I have heard, however, that lactose intolerant individuals can usually tolerate small amounts of lactose, but, say, consumption of a large glass of milk would probably get to them pretty quickly. Don Kasarda