Want to get to New Orleans in the 19 th cent

Ship Island, about 12 miles offshore from Biloxi, was the only natural
> harbor in this part of the Gulf Coast.
 While one way of getting to New
> Orleans was up the  Mississippi, the sinuous river route was quite long.
> So the best and  fastest route into New Orleans was to the natural harbor
> at Ship  Island,
then via boat through the Mississippi Sound, through the
> Rigolets  or Chef Mentour Pass, into Lake Pontchartrain,
up Bayou St. John
> through the back swamps, and then by portage  2miles over a natural ridge
> to the riverfront.
This was literally the back door into New Orleans, but
> was the  preferred route from the Gulf,
and in fact the existence of the
> route was Iberville's reason for  founding New Orleans on its present site.
>
Through the 1700s and 1800s the Coast was nearly totally cut off from the
> mainland by swamps nearly impassable pine forest laced with rivers and
> bayous, so the MS Gulf Coast had much tighter ties to New Orleans, and
> N.O. to Biloxi, than to the hinterlands.
 Incidentally, Mobile never
> amounted to much as a port at  this time because of the massive oyster
> reefs blocking access to Mobile  Bay (a channel was eventually cut).
>
> In the War of 1812 the Brits  tried to get into N.O. via the back route but
> locals from near Bay St.  Louis refused to show them the route, and they
> were forced to go up the  river to defeat at Chalmette.
It was only
> possible for the Federals to take N.O. so quickly  during the Civil War
> because the Confederates had left the Mississippi  Coast essentially
> undefended.
 The Feds seized Ship Island barely 5 months after the start
>  of War, to be used as its base of operations against New Orleans and the
> rest of the Gulf Coast. New Orleans fell to the Federals about seven
> months later.
>
> In the late 1800s the NO & Mobile  railroad (now the CSX) was actually a
> passenger line with extra trains  on Fridays and Sundays to move crowds
> between N.O. and the MS  Coast.
The cultural connection was still vibrant
> when my family moved to  the Coast in 1967.  Our news, television, and
> radio came out of  N.O., and when New Orleanians wanted to go to the beach,
> they came  here.to Mississippi as did Louis Sullivan (excerpt)
> to  some