Walt Smith and others need to know the difference between an emergency and a life-threatening situation. If it's an emergency, you cannot operate out of band. If it's life or death, you can transmit anywhere to get that person the needed assistance. When I took my test, they strictly said that life or death situations can be handled by transmitting anywhere. If the rules have changed since then, I am not aware of it. Even if the rules have changed, I would not hesitate to operate anywhere I could to get someone help in a life-threatening situation. Larry N7MRN