* Today in Black History - November 13 *
1839 - The first anti-slavery political party (Liberty Party) is
organized and convenes in Warsaw, New York. Samuel
Ringgold Ward and Henry Highland Garnet are two of the
earliest supporters of the new political party.
1905 - Frank Levingston is born in Cotton Valley, Louisiana. He will
become an American supercentenarian. He will be the oldest
living man in the United States and the oldest verified
surviving American World War II veteran. He will enlist in the
U.S. Army in 1942. He will serve as a private during the war
in the Allied invasion of Italy which will last from September,
1943 to January, 1944. After receiving an honorable discharge
in 1945, he will become a union worker specializing in cement
finishing. On August 16, 2015, he will become the oldest
recognized living military veteran in United States, following
the death of Emma Didlake. He will become the oldest living
American man on April 19, 2016 following the death of Felix
Simoneaux (born May 24, 1905). He will live in Bossier Parish,
Lake Charles, Louisiana until he joins the ancestors on May 3,
2016 at the age of 110.
1910 - Painter and printmaker, Wilmer Angier Jennings, is born in
Atlanta, Georgia. A graduate of Morehouse College and
student of Hale Woodruff, Jennings will be employed by the
Public Works for Art Project and Works Progress Administration
in the 1930's, where he will paint murals and landscape
paintings, and produce prints. He will work for the WPA in
both Atlanta and Providence in the mid-1930s, and will be most
famous for his black-and-white wood engravings. Still Life
uses the traditional format of objects assembled on a table
top as a vehicle for exploration of form and ideas. The
elongated, cylindrical forms of the urn, the African statue,
and the plant contrast with the square modularity of the
tablecloth, book, and background motif. His incorporation of
African sculpture into a still life composition with non-
African objects will recall the use of this device by Harlem
Renaissance artists who will use African motifs to assert a
sense of pride in an African heritage while maintaining an
identity as Americans. He will join the ancestors on June
25, 1990 in Providence, Rhode Island.
1913 - Dr Daniel Hale Williams, the first physician to perform
open heart surgery, becomes a member of the American
College of Surgeons.
1940 - The United States Supreme Court rules in Hansberry vs. Lee
that whites cannot bar African Americans from white
neighborhoods. The Supreme Court's ruling in the case
brought by wealthy real-estate broker Carl Hansberry of
Chicago, allows the Hansberry family, including 10-year-
old daughter Lorraine, to move into a white neighborhood.
1948 - Sheila Elaine Frazier is born in New York City, New York. She
will become an actress, producer, and model. She will perhaps
be best known for her co–starring role as Georgia in the 1972
crime/drama film, "Super Fly." She will later reprise her
role in the 1973 sequel, "Super Fly T.N.T." While working in
New York as a secretary, one day on the subway, a man will
approach her and ask if she'd ever considered modeling. That
chance encounter will lead her to do photo sessions with his
boss, Bert Andrews. She will also begin to do runway modeling
and print work, but was not comfortable with that sort of
attention trained on her. At some point, she will meet actor
Richard Roundtree, who will suggest she audition for the
Negro Ensemble Company. Following his advice about focusing
on the part she will be acting, she will be amazed to find
she had overcome her stuttering. Five months later, she will
audition for the film "Super Fly," winning the role of
Georgia, the lead actress. She will go on to work in many
film and television productions, including "Three the Hard
Way." In 1980, she will host a community affairs show on
KNXT-TV in Los Angeles. She will also work as a story editor
at Richard Pryor's Indigo Productions.
1951 - Janet Collins, becomes the first African American ballerina
to appear with the Metropolitan Opera Company.
1955 - Caryn Elaine Johnson is born in New York City, New York. She
will become an actress, comedian, author, and television
personality professionally known as Whoopi Goldberg. She will
be nominated for 13 Emmy Awards and is one of the few
entertainers to have won an Emmy Award, a Grammy Award, an
Academy Award, and a Tony Award (EGOT). She will also be the
second black woman to win an Academy Award for acting. Her
breakthrough will come in 1985 for her role as Celie, a
mistreated woman in the Deep South, in Steven Spielberg's
period drama film "The Color Purple," for which she will be
nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and will win
her first Golden Globe Award. For her performance in the
romantic fantasy film "Ghost" (1990) as Oda Mae Brown, an
eccentric psychic, she will win the Academy Award for Best
Supporting Actress and a second Golden Globe, her first for
Best Supporting Actress. In 1992, she will star in the comedy
"Sister Act," earning a third Golden Globe nomination, her
first for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical.
She will reprise the role in "Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit"
(1993), making her the highest-paid actress at the time. Her
other film roles include "Made in America" (1993), "Corrina,
Corrina" (1994), "The Lion King" (1994), "The Little Rascals"
(1994), "Boys on the Side" (1995), "Theodore Rex" (1995),
"Ghosts of Mississippi" (1996), "How Stella Got Her Groove
Back" (1998), "Girl, Interrupted" (1999), "For Colored Girls"
(2010), "Toy Story 3" (2010), "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles"
(2014), "Nobody's Fool" (2018) and "Furlough" (2018). She will
be in over 150 films. In television, she will be known for her
role as Guinan on "Star Trek: The Next Generation." She will
be the moderator of the talk show "The View" starting in 2007.
In July 2010, the Ride of Fame will honor her with a double-
decker tour bus in New York City for her life's achievements.
In 2017, she will be named a Disney Legend for her
contributions to the Walt Disney Company.
1956 - The Supreme Court upholds a lower court decision banning
segregation on city buses in Montgomery, Alabama. The
Court establishes grounds for challenging bus segregation
in nine states that have violated the 15th Amendment.
1956 - Dancer Geoffrey Holder begins a contract with the Metropolitan
Opera. Holder will dance in 26 performances, including "Aida"
and "La Perichole", and his career will include dance, acting,
and art collecting.
1967 - Carl Stokes becomes the first African American mayor of a
major U.S. city when he is inaugurated mayor of Cleveland,
Ohio.
1973 - Reggie Jackson, of the Oakland Athletics, unanimously wins
the American League MVP award.
1975 - Aisha Jamila Hinds is born in Brooklyn, New York. She will become
a television, stage and film actress. She will begin her career
on television in 2003, on "NYPD Blue" In 2004, she will have a
recurring role on "The Shield" as Annie Price, and later will
guest-star in "Crossing Jordan," "Boston Legal," "It's Always
Sunny in Philadelphia," "Law & Order: Special Victims Unit,"
"Stargate SG-1," "Cold Case," and "Desperate Housewives. She
will be a series regular in the two short-lived ABC series
"Invasion" from 2005 to 2006, and "Detroit 1-8-7" (2010-2011).
She will have recurring roles on "Dollhouse," "HawthoRNe" and
"True Blood." In film, she will appear in "Mr. Brooks," "Madea
Goes to Jail," "Unstoppable," and "Star Trek Into Darkness."
On stage, she will play the leading role of "The Best of
Enemies" at George Street Playhouse in 2011. In 2013, she will
appear on the CW series, "Cult," as the evil Rosalind Sakelik.
Right after "Cult" is canceled, she will be cast as a series
regular on the CBS television series "Under the Dome" based on
Stephen King's book of the same title. She will be changed to
a recurring basis after the first season. In 2014, she will
have supporting roles in films, "If I Stay" and "Beyond the
Lights." Also in that year, she will have the recurring role
of Chief Investigator Ava Wallace on the CBS police procedural,
"NCIS: Los Angeles." In 2015, she will be cast as a regular in
the TNT drama pilot, "Breed." In 2016, she will receive
positive reviews for playing civil rights activist Fannie Lou
Hamer in the HBO biographical drama film "All the Way." Later,
she will be cast in the Fox drama series "Shots Fired," and in
the WGN America period drama "Underground," playing Harriet
Tubman. She will star as paramedic Henrietta "Hen" Wilson on
TV series "9-1-1", which will focus on Los Angeles first
responders including 9-1-1 dispatchers, police officers and
the firefighters and paramedics as they deal with not only
saving lives but also with struggles in their own lives.
1980 - Adrienne Monique Coleman (later Jordan) is born in Orangeburg,
South Carolina. She will become an actress, dancer, singer,
entrepreneur, and philanthropist known professionally as
Monique Coleman. She will make her first lead in the
independent feature entitled "Mother of the River" which will
be shot in historic Charleston, South Carolina. The film will
win numerous awards at film festivals in Chicago. Two years
later, she will appear as Young Donna in The Family Channel
Movie "The Ditch digger's Daughters" for which she will be
nominated for a Young Artists Award of Hollywood. During her
sophomore year of high school, she will write, direct,
produce, and star in her own one-person play entitled "Voices
from Within" with standing room only – audience numbering in
the hundreds. On stage in Chicago, she will star in
productions of "Noises Off," "Polaroid Stories," "The Real
Thing" and "The Colored Museum." In 2005, she will have the
honor of working opposite one of her heroes – the legendary
James Earl Jones when she plays Leesha in the 2005 Hallmark
TV Movie, "The Reading Room." She will receive a 2006 Camie
Award for the role and will represent the film at the NAACP
Image Awards. In 2006, she will rise to prominence in "High
School Musical," where she will portray Taylor McKessie,
the best friend of the new girl, Gabriella Montez (Vanessa
Hudgens). Before then, she will be a recurring guest star
in "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody" episodes, "Forever Plaid",
"Not So Suite 16", "Neither a Borrower Nor a Speller Bee"
and "A Prom Story" along with Hudgens. She will have seven
other guest appearances on television including, "Boston
Public," "Gilmore Girls," "Malcolm in the Middle," "Strong
Medicine," "10-8: Officers on Duty," "Married to the Kellys,"
and "Veronica Mars." She will also be in the first ever
Disney Channel Games in 2006, on the Blue Team (with Brenda
Song, Corbin Bleu, Cole Sprouse, Vanessa Hudgens, and Jason
Earles and Brandon Baker). She will win with both teams.
She will showcase her ballroom skills in "Dance With Me",
while she partners with National Youth Latin Champion Jared
Murillo. Drew Seeley will be the soloist. She will be the
host of "3 Minute Game Show: High School Musical Edition"
on Disney Channel. She will record a song called "Christmas
Vacation" for the holiday album entitled "A Disney Channel
Holiday. In 2007, she will appear in "High School Musical 2."
In 2008, she will again repeat her role as Taylor McKessie
in "High School Musical 3." She will work with
dosomething.org to produce a "Do Something U" video tutorial.
The video will target young activists who need a bit of
guidance and inspiration to help them carry out their ideas
for their communities to fruition. Her video tutorial
will focus on teaching youth the best way to utilize social
media to spread word of ideas and actions.
1985 - Dwight Gooden, the youngest 20 game winner in Major League
baseball history, wins the Cy Young award.
1992 - Riddick Bowe wins the undisputed heavyweight boxing title
in Las Vegas with a unanimous decision over Evander
Holyfield.
1996 - A grand jury in St. Petersburg, Florida, declines to indict
police officer Jim Knight, who had shot African American
motorist TyRon Lewis to death the previous month. The
decision prompts angry mobs to return to the streets.
1996 - An all-white jury in Pittsburgh acquits a suburban police
officer, John Vojtas, in the death of African American
motorist Johnny Gammage in a verdict that angers African
American activists.
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