Le triumpho del autobus (1951-1970):
Post le secunde guerra mundial, le accrescimento
de prosperitate resultava in un augmento del
automobiles sur le stratas de Europa occidental.
On prevideva un tempore quando omne familia haberea
su automobile, lo que effectuarea un diminution
considerabile in le uso del transporto public.
In consequentia, le autoritates reluctava investir
moneta in modos de transporto que requireva grande
dispensas pro installationes fixe, specialmente
ubi le construction de nove colonias de habitation
necessitava prolongation del lineas. Illes optava
pro le modo plus economic, le autobus.
In Grande Britannia, mesmo le vehiculos electric
era plus costose que lor rivales. On estimava
que le costo de un nove autobus era circa 4.500
libras britannic, de un trolleybus 6.000 libras
britannic, de un tram conventional 9.000 libras
britannic.
Viste que, con le installation de motores a Diesel
(in loco de motores a gasolina), le costos de
operation
del autobus era plus basse que les del tram o del
trolleybus, non es difficile comprender proque le
autoritates decideva abandonar omne lineas de
trolleybus, e que mesmo le retas tramviari modernisate
o semimodernisate era abandonate.
Post le destruction del grande rete de tramvias
in Glasgow, restava solmente le systema litoral
in Blackpool, ubi le situation era special. In
Germania, omne retes (circa 50) de trolleybuses
era abandonate. Le numero de retes tramviari
abandonate era circa 70, ma on debe memorar que
istes era in le rure e in le urbes minor. Restava
quasi 40 retes in le grande citates, e le major
parte de istes era modernisate e existe ancora hodie.
On debe notar anque que precisemente in iste periodo
1950-1970 il habeva un nove epocha pro le metros.
Circa 15 nove installationes era construite in varie
grande citates mundial, in parte pro le incapacitate
del autobuses de superar le problemas de portar
passageros in massa, e in parte proque le possession
de un metro era un cosa de prestigio municipal.
(Ex "Interlingua in interlingua",
<http://www.geocities.com/hkyson>, [Scientias])
---
The Triumph of the Autobus (1951-1970):
After the Second World War, the growth in prosperity
produced higher numbers of automobiles on the streets
of Western Europe.
It was possible to foresee a time when every family
would have its automobile--a circumstance that would
greatly reduce the use of public transportation.
As a result, governments were reluctant to invest
in means of transport that would require heavy
spending
for fixed installation, especially where new
residential neighborhoods required a lengthening
in the lines. They chose the cheapest option, the
autobus.
In Great Britain, even electric buses were costlier
than their rivals. The cost of a new bus was about
4,500 pounds sterling, of a trolleybus was 6,000
pounds, and a conventional tram 9,000 pounds.
Since the use of diesel instead of gasoline engines
made buses cheaper to operate than trams or
trolleybuses, it is easy to understand why all
trolleybus lines were abandoned. About seventy
tram networks were abandoned, but these were in
rural areas and in minor cities, and most networks
were modernized and exist even today.
It should be noted that 1950-1970 was a new era
for metros. About fifteen new systems were built
in various world cities, partly because of the
inability of buses to overcome the need to carry
large numbers of passengers and partly because
building
metros brought a certain prestige to cities having
them.
---
Nota que sovente il ha multe optiones equalmente
valide in le traduction. Ecce le proxime
asseveration,
pro exemplo:
As a result, governments were reluctant to invest
in means of transport that would require heavy
spending
for fixed installation, especially where new
residential neighborhoods required a lengthening
in/of the lines.
--> As a result, governments were reluctant to invest
in public-transportation systems that would require
heavy spending for fixed installation, especially
where new residential neighborhoods required a
lengthening in/of the lines.
--> As a result, governments did not want to invest
in public-transportation systems that would require
heavy spending for infrastructure, especially where
new residential neighborhoods required a lengthening
in/of the lines.
--> As a result, governments did not want to invest
in public-transportation systems that would require
heavy infrastructure investment, especially where
new residential neighborhoods required a lengthening
in/of the lines.
Naturalmente, il ha anque altere possibilitates.
Le anglese ha un vocabulario e un structura grammatic
multo ric que da a su usatores multiple possibilitates
de expression.
On anque debe notar que il ha possibilitates que
un anglese usarea e que esserea assatis stranie--e
mesmo confundente--pro un americano (e vice versa).
..............................
Como promover usar le Rete e su ressources
bibliographic public pro incoragiar le uso expandite
de interlingua:
Le dialogos e exercitios de mi curso de conversation
<http://conversationininterlingua.blogspot.com> es un
ressource bibliographic public como "Interlingua
in interlingua" <http://www.geocities.com/hkyson>
e le textos in interlingua de Wikipedia.
Imitante le philosophia de Wikipedia sur le uso
de ressources bibliographic public, vos pote rediger
iste textos como vos vole, forsan combinante los
con altere simile ressources, pro publication
ubicunque in le Rete.
Un maniera excellente de apprender interlingua
vermente ben es compilar vostre proprie anthologia ex
su ressources public, scriber vostre proprie
presentation del grammatica de interlingua, e publicar
vostre effortios in le Rete pro le uso de alteres.
---
Si vos es un studente del anglese, io spera que
le textos in interlingua e anglese que io presenta
in iste sito vos adjuvara in vostre studios. Vos
anque pote adjuvar studentes de vostre lingua native
si vos presenta simile textos bilingue in iste sito.
Vos anque pote imprimer textos in un tertie lingua,
preparar un version de illos in interlingua, e
finalmente preparar un version de illos in vostre
lingua native.
Tal presentationes demonstra fortemente le avantages
de interlingua como lingua ponte e presentara
ressources multo utile pro studentes del prime lingua
de tal textos trilingue e de vostre lingua native.
---
Ecce duo sitos importante pro studentes de linguas e
del linguistica:
CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS, un organisation cuje
preoccupation principal es trovar lo que es utile pro
le instruction de linguas nove in le linguistica
theoretic e incoragiar le uso de iste information pro
formar manieras plus efficicace de inseniar linguas.
Le sede electronic de iste organisation es
<http://www.cal.org>.
LINGUISTIC SOCIETY OF AMERICA, le organisation
professional pro linguistas academic american. Lor
sede electronic es <http://www.lsadc.org>.
__________________________________
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