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To: [log in to unmask], [log in to unmask]
Newsgroups: sci.lang.translation
Subject: Re: "calque"
From: [log in to unmask] (Gian Carlo Macchi)
Organization: Italtel spa
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Keywords: "calque" translations in Spanish, Italian
References: <[log in to unmask]>
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In article <[log in to unmask]>, Stan Mulaik
<[log in to unmask] says>...
 
[...]
 
>Qual parola usa le linguistas espaniol e italian pro "calque"?  Io sape
>que le italian usa calco (le origine del parola francese) pro le idea
>de reproducer le designo per calcar.  Mais isto es un signification
>graphic.  Le metaphora de calcar es usate per le linguistas francese
>in le creation del termino "calque" pro iste typo del traduction. Es
>"calque" usate per linguistas espaniol e italian como un parola estranie
>non assimilate, como in le anglese?
 
Stan, I'm not a linguist. Anyway, according to Zingarelli's Dictionary,
in Italian calco (from Italian verb calcare) has the following meanings:
 
1) impronta di una scultura: wax impression, plaster cast etc.;
2) copia di un disegno ottenuta calcandone i contorni (the Italian
meaning you refer to above): tracing, copy; boys at school prefer ricalco
(from Italian ricalcare) in this sense;
3) impronta di una matrice di stampa: matrix, engraving;
4) trasposizione di modelli lessicali e sintattici da una lingua
all'altra (the French meaning you refer above): calque, loan translation.
 
>E durante que io presenta iste question, que es le origine del parola
>"calco" pro le senso de reproducer un designo graphicamente, quando
>su origine refere al osso del pede?
 
About the verb calcare (from latin calcare, from calx: heel), Italian
menanings are, according to Zingarelli's dictionary:
 
Transitive:
1) premere coi piedi: to stamp on, to tread on;
2) premere con forza dall'alto in basso: to squeeze, to press;
3) mettere in rilievo, sottolineare con la voce: to stress;
4) copiare un disegno: to trace; boys at school prefer "ricalcare", in
this sense (from Latin recalcare);
4bis) riprodurre una scultura: to obtain a wax impression etc.
 
Intransitive:
5) accalcarsi (seldom used): to get over-heated.
 
Furthermore, if I remember, calcare, used as transitive, in Italian also
has the following two meanings:
 
6) conculcare (seldom used): to ride roughshod over;
7) calcarsi: to crowd.
 
What is the connection between calco as "reproducer un designo
graphicamente" and the "osso del pede"? Osso del pede presses the ground;
to obtain a calco from a drawing, you have to use somenthing (e.g. a
pointed tool) to press on the contour, to outline the original drawing.
 
Ciao.
 
Gian Carlo Macchi  [log in to unmask]
 
 
>>>>>>>>>>>
Stan Mulaik