Scientist apologizes for hurtful remarks 
By MALCOLM RITTER, AP Science Writer 
 
NEW YORK - James Watson, the 79-year-old scientific icon made famous by
his work in DNA, has set off an international furor with comments to a
London newspaper about intelligence levels among blacks.
 
Watson, who's chancellor of the renowned Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
in New York, has a history of provocative statements about social
implications of science. But several friends said Thursday he's no
racist. And Watson, who won a Nobel Prize in 1962 for co-discovering the
structure of DNA, apologized and says he's "mortified."
 
A profile of Watson in the Sunday Times Magazine of London quoted him as
saying that he's "inherently gloomy about the prospect of Africa"
because "all our social policies are based on the fact that their
intelligence is the same as ours - whereas all the testing says not
really."
 
While he hopes everyone is equal, "people who have to deal with black
employees find this is not true," Watson is quoted as saying. He also
said people should not be discriminated against on the basis of color,
because "there are many people of color who are very talented."
 
The comments, reprinted Wednesday in a front-page article in another
British newspaper, The Independent, provoked a sharp reaction.
 
London's Science Museum canceled a sold-out lecture he was to give there
Friday. The mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, said his comments
"represent racist propaganda masquerading as scientific fact.... That a
man of such academic distinction could make such ignorant comments,
which are utterly offensive and incorrect and give succor to the most
backward in our society, demonstrates why racism still has to be
fought."
 
In the United States, the Federation of American Scientists said it was
outraged that Watson "chose to use his unique stature to promote
personal prejudices that are racist, vicious and unsupported by
science."
 
And Watson's employer said he wasn't speaking for the Cold Spring Harbor
research facility, where the board and administration "vehemently
disagree with these statements and are bewildered and saddened if he
indeed made such comments."
 
Watson is in Britain to promote his new book, "Avoid Boring People," and
a publicist for his British publisher provided this statement Thursday
to The Associated Press:
"I am mortified about what has happened," Watson said. "More
importantly, I cannot understand how I could have said what I am quoted
as having said.
 
"I can certainly understand why people, reading those words, have
reacted in the ways they have. To all those who have drawn the inference
from my words that Africa, as a continent, is somehow genetically
inferior, I can only apologize unreservedly. That is not what I meant.
More importantly from my point of view, there is no scientific basis for
such a belief."
 
Watson's publicist, Kate Farquhar-Thomson, would not address whether
Watson was suggesting he was misquoted. "You have the statement. That's
it, I'm afraid," she said.
A spokesman for The Sunday Times said that the interview with Watson was
recorded and that the newspaper stood by the story.
 
Watson's new book also touches on possible racial differences in IQ,
though it doesn't go as far as the newspaper interview.
In the book, Watson raises the prospect of discovering genes that
significantly affect a person's intelligence.
 
"...There is no firm reason to anticipate that the intellectual
capacities of peoples geographically separated in their evolution should
prove to have evolved identically," Watson wrote. "Our wanting to
reserve equal powers of reason as some universal heritage of humanity
will not be enough to make it so."
 
Watson is no stranger to making waves with his scientific views. In
2000, in a speech at the University of California, Berkeley, he
suggested that sex drive is related to skin color. "That's why you have
Latin lovers," he said, according to people who attended. "You've never
heard of an English lover. Only an English patient."
 
Some years earlier he was quoted in a newspaper as saying, "If you could
find the gene which determines sexuality and a woman decides she doesn't
want a homosexual child, well, let her." 
  
"Jim has a penchant for making outrageous comments that are basically
poking society in the eye," Dr. Francis Collins, director of the
National Human Genome Research Institute, said Thursday. 
  
Collins, who has known Watson for a long time, said his latest comments
"really ... carried it this time to a much more hurtful level." 
  
In a brief telephone interview, Collins told The AP that Watson's
statements are "the wildest form of speculation in a field where such
speculation ought not to be engaged in." Genetic factors for
intelligence show no difference from one part of the world to another,
he said. 
Several longtime friends of Watson insisted he's not a racist. 
  
"It's hard for me to buy the label `racist' for him," said Victor
McElheny, the author of a 2003 biography of Watson, whom he's known for
45 years. "This is someone who has encouraged so many people from so
many backgrounds." 
  
So why does he say things that can sound racist? "I really don't know
the answer to that," McElheny said. 
  
Biologist and Nobel laureate Phil Sharp at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, who's known Watson since 1971, said, "I've never
considered Jim a racist. However, Jim likes to use statistics and
observations to provoke people, and it is possible that he is provoking
people by these comments." 
  
Calling Watson "one of the great historical scientific figures of our
time," Sharp said, "I don't understand why he takes it upon himself to
make these statements." 
  
Mike Botchan, co-chair of the molecular and cell biology department at
the University of California, Berkeley, who's known Watson since 1970,
said the Nobelist's personal beliefs are less important than the impact
of what he says. 
  
"Is he someone who's going to prejudge a person in front of him on the
basis of his skin color? I would have to say, no. Is he someone, though,
that has these beliefs? I don't know any more. And the important thing
is I don't really care," Botchan said. 
  
"I think Jim Watson is now essentially a disgrace to his own legacy. And
it's very sad for me to say this, because he's one of the great figures
of 20th century biology." 
___ 
Associated Press writers Thomas Wagner in London and Seth Borenstein in
Washington contributed to this story.
 
 
.
 
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