* Today in Black History - August 22 *
1788 - The British settlement in Sierra Leone is founded to
provide a home in Africa for freed slaves and homeless
Africans from England.
1791 - The Haitian Revolution begins with revolt of slaves in the
northern province.
1791 - Mathematician Benjamin Banneker serves on a commission which
will survey the District of Columbia.
1843 - Henry Highland Garnet issues a call for slave revolt in "An
Address to Slaves of the United States" before a national
convention of African Americans in Buffalo, New York.
1867 - Fisk University is established in Nashville, Tennessee.
1880 - George Herriman is born in New Orleans, Louisiana. A
perfectly ordinary-looking guy from beginning to end,
albeit with a few small quirks (such as never allowing a
picture to be taken of him without a hat). But behind that
relatively normal exterior lurked the unique genius who
created the cartoon Krazy Kat. His family moved to Los
Angeles, CA, when he was six years old, although from
various accounts, he seems to have kept his New Orleans
accent (very different from standard Southern) well into
adult life. He called Los Angeles his home town because it
was there that his family shed the labels that accrued to
them as a result of their partially African ancestry. He
will join the ancestors on April 25, 1944.
1898 - North Carolina Mutual and Provident Society (later North
Carolina Mutual) is founded by John C. Merrick. He will be
joined by investors Aaron Moore, Pearson, Watson, Shepard,
Johnson, and Dawkins.
1917 - John Lee Hooker is born in Coahoma County, Mississippi. He
will become an American blues singer, songwriter and
guitarist. He will rise to prominence performing an
electric guitar-style adaptation of Delta blues. He will
often incorporate other elements, including talking blues
and early North Mississippi Hill country blues. He will
develop his own driving-rhythm boogie style, distinct from
the 1930s-1940s piano-derived boogie-woogie style. Some of
his best known songs include "Boogie Chillen'" (1948),
"Crawling King Snake" (1949), "Dimples" (1956), "Boom
Boom" (1962), and "One Bourbon, One Scotch, One Beer"
(1966) - the first being the most popular race record of
1949. He will have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
and in 1991 he will be inducted into the Rock and Roll
Hall of Fame. Two of his songs, "Boogie Chillen" and "Boom
Boom" will be included in the list of the Rock and Roll
Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll.
"Boogie Chillen" wil be included as one of the Songs of
the Century. He will also be inducted in 1980 into the
Blues Hall of Fame. In 2000, He will be awarded the
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. He will join the
ancestors on June 21, 2001.
1950 - Althea Gibson becomes the first African American competitor
in national tennis matches.
1951 - The Harlem Globetrotters play in Olympic Stadium, Berlin,
Germany before 75,052 non-paying spectators. This is the
largest crowd to witness a basketball game (up to that
time).
1978 - Jomo Kenyatta (original name KAMAU NGENGI), president of
Kenya, joins the ancestors after succumbing to heart
failure in his sleep while vacationing in Mobasa, Kenya at
the age of 83. He was the leading force in Kenya's
independence struggles.
1979 - 200 African American leaders meet in New York City in
support of Andrew Young (after he had resigned as U.N.
ambassador under pressure for "unauthorized" meeting with
the PLO) and demand that African Americans be given a voice
in shaping American foreign policy.
1984 - Evelyn Ashford of the United States ties the world women's
mark for the 100 meters (10.76 seconds).
1984 - New York Mets pitcher Dwight Gooden becomes the 11th rookie
to strikeout 200 batters.
1989 - Huey Percy Newton joins the ancestors in Oakland,
California. The founder of the Black Panther Party is
shot to death outside a crack cocaine house, allegedly by
a drug dealer whom Newton had robbed (Gunman Tyrone
Robinson will be sentenced later to 32 years to life in
prison).
2011 - Nickolas Ashford joins the ancestors at the age of 70, after
succumbing to complications of throat cancer. With Valerie
Simpson, his songwriting partner and later his wife, he wrote
some of Motown's biggest hits, like "Ain't No Mountain High
Enough" and "Ain't Nothing Like the Real Thing," before they
remade their careers as a recording and touring duo.
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