*                   Today in Black History - April 28          *

1898 - Sir Grantley H. Adams is born in Colliston Government Hill, 
	St. Michael Parish, Barbados. He will become an attorney and
	political leader and will found the Barbados Progressive 
	League. The league will later become the Barbados Labour 
	Party on March 31, 1938. The Governor-General, in 1954, 
	will appoint him, the First Premier of Barbados, heading a 
	full ministerial government. In recognition of his 
	meritorious contribution to Barbados and the wider 
	Caribbean region, Her Majesty, the Queen of England, will
	knight him in 1957. He will surrender his Premiership of 
	Barbados to assume the position of the first (and only) 
	Premier of the West Indies Federation from 1958-1962. The 
	federation will dissolve in 1962. In 1966, he will become 
	the first Leader of the Opposition in a newly independent 
	Barbados after being re-elected to the House of Assembly.
	He will retire from politics in 1970 and will join the
	ancestors. on November 28, 1971.

1910 - Martin Morua Delgado joins the ancestors in Havana, Cuba. 
	He had been a labor and political activist, statesman, 
	journalist and author. He had been a leading opponent of 
	slavery in Cuba and after emancipation, a leading proponent 
	for racial equality. He also was active in the struggle for 
	Cuban independence from Spain. Cuba will celebrate the 
	centennial of his birth in 1956.

1911 - Mario Bauza is born in Havana, Cuba.  He will become a 
	professional trumpet player, bandleader and arranger. He 
	will be a leading player in the creation of Afro-Cuban 
	jazz. While in Cuba, he will be primarily a classical 
	musician, playing for the Havana Philharmonic Orchestra.  
	He will leave Cuba for New York City in 1930 and find 
	himself working in mostly jazz venues.  He will play with 
	Noble Sissle, Chick Webb (musical director), Don Redman, 
	and Cab Calloway.  While working with Chick Webb, he will
	convince Webb to hire the young Ella Fitzgerald as a 
	vocalist for the band. While collaborating with these 
	talents, he will integrate Afro-Latin influence into the 
	music whenever possible. He will be active in the jazz 
	musical scene until the last year of his life.  He will 
	join the ancestors on July 11, 1993.

1924 - Kenneth David Kuanda is born in Lubwe, Northern Rhodesia 
	(Northern Rhodesia will eventually become the country of 
	Zambia).  He will begin his political career with the 
	Northern Rhodesia African Congress, which will become the 
	African National Congress. Like most African politicians 
	who called for independence from colonial rule, he will be 
	imprisoned multiple times.  After his release from prison 
	in 1960, he will continue to be active and will promote 
	many activities of civil disobedience.  Under his 
	leadership, the colonial administration will relent and 
	the British will grant Zambia its independence on October 
	24, 1964. He will become president of Zambia from its day 
	of independence until November 2, 1991.

1934 - Charles Patton joins the ancestors in Indianola, Mississippi. 
	He was a bluesman who is considered to be the creator of the 
	Delta variation of the blues.  His recordings between 1929 
	and 1934 will contribute to the national influence of the 
	Mississippi Delta style on the blues. 

1935 - Akin Euba is born in Lagos, Nigeria.  He will become a 
	classical composer whose work will integrate European and 
	Yoruba influences into his compositions.  His music will be 
	introduced to the world at the 1972 Olympics in Munich, 
	Germany. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1974, he will become 
	a music educator and continue to create his unique African 
	musical art form.  He will eventually become a professor of 
	African music at the University of Pittsburgh.

1941 - In a famous Jim Crow railroad case brought by congressman 
	Arthur W. Mitchell, the Supreme Court rules that separate 
	facilities must be substantially equal.

1950 - William Anthony Colon in born in the Bronx in New York City.  
	He will begin his musical career, while a teenager, creating 
	recordings that will emphasize his Afro-Puerto Rican 
	heritage in the form of salsa music. His music will 
	integrate the influence of Puerto Rican life in New York 
	City with the African influence on the Puerto Rican 
	experience.  He will create and produce over thirty 
	recordings and be nominated for at least five Grammy awards
	in Latin music.

1957 - W. Robert Ming, a Chicago lawyer, is elected chairman of the 
	American Veterans Committee.  He is the first African 
	American to head a major national veterans organization.

1967 - Muhammad Ali refuses induction into the U.S. Army and is 
	stripped of his boxing titles by the World Boxing 
	Association and the New York Athletic Association.

1983 - Two African American women, Alice Walker and Gloria Naylor, 
	win prestigious American Book Awards for fiction.  Alice 
	Walker's novel "The Color Purple" will be dramatized as a 
	theatrical movie starring Whoopi Goldberg, Danny Glover, 
	and Oprah Winfrey. Naylor's first novel, "The Women of 
	Brewster Place," will be made into a made-for-television 
	movie and series starring Oprah Winfrey, Jackee', and 
	Paula Kelly.

1990 - Clifton Reginald Wharton, Sr. joins the ancestors in 
	Phoenix, Arizona. He was an attorney and was the first 
	African American to enter the U.S. Foreign Service and the 
	first African American to become a United States Ambassador 
	to a European country (Norway-1961).

1991 - Former CORE director and North Carolina judge Floyd Bixley 
	McKissick joins the ancestors in North Carolina at the age 
	of 69. He led CORE from 1963 to 1966 during its 
	transformation to a more militant civil rights organization.

1997 - Ann Lane Petry joins the ancestors in Old Saybrook, 
	Connecticut. She was a leading African American novelist 
	and was known for her works, "The Street," "Country Place," 
	"The Narrows," "Harriet Tubman: Conductor on the 
	Underground Railroad," "Tituba of Salem Village," "The 
	Drugstore Cat," and "Legends of the Saints."

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