* Today in Black History - October 30 *
1831 - Nat Turner is remembered for his role in the slave
revolt that took place in Southampton county,
Virginia on August 21.
1939 - Eddie Holland is born in Detroit, Michigan. He will
become one-third of an amazing songwriting and
production trio, Holland-Dozier-Holland. Eddie
Holland will not be as successful on his own as when
teamed with brother Brian Holland and Lamont Dozier.
Eddie Holland will score his biggest hit as a solo
artist back in 1962, with "Jamie" reaching number six
on the R&B charts and peaking at #30 pop. He recorded
three more songs for Motown in the mid-'60s, but none
of them were hits, and he then concentrated on
songwriting and production. The Holland-Dozier-
Holland trio will write numerous hits for Motown acts
through the '60s before departing in 1968. They will
form their own label in 1970, Hot Wax/Invictus, and
will have success for a while with such acts as The
Chairmen Of The Board, Laura Lee, and the Honey Cone.
Some of the songs written by the trio are "Where Did
Our Love Go", "Baby Love", "Stop! In the Name of Love",
"I Hear a Symphony", "You Keep Me Hangin' On", "Reach
Out", and "I'll Be There." Holland-Dozier-Holland will
be inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990.
1941 - Otis Miles, Jr. is born in Texarkana, Arkansas. He will
become a rhythm and blues singer known as Otis Williams
and will be one of the original members of the Motown
group, The Temptations. Some of their hits will be "I
Can't Get Next to You", "Cloud Nine", "Runaway Child",
"Running Wild", "Just My Imagination", "Papa was a
Rolling Stone", and "Masquerade." The Temptations will
eventually became one of the most successful acts in black
music over the course of its nearly five-decade existence,
over which time notable singers such as David Ruffin,
Dennis Edwards, former Distant Richard Street, Damon Harris,
Ron Tyson, Ali-Ollie Woodson, Theo Peoples, Ray Davis and
former Spinners singer G.C. Cameron have all been members.
In fact, the group's lineup changes were so frequent,
stressful and troublesome that he and Melvin Franklin
promised each other they would never quit the group.
Franklin will remain in the group until 1994, when he became
physically incapable of continuing. Franklin will join the
ancestors on February 23, 1995, leaving Otis Williams, then
53, as the last surviving original member of the Temptations
quintet. He will be the co-author, with Patricia Romanowski,
of "Temptations," a 1988 book that will serve as both his
autobiography and a history of the group. Ten years later,
the book will be adapted into a NBC television miniseries
"The Temptations." He will be portrayed by actor Charles
Malik Whitfield. Although he will serve the longest tenure in
the Temptations, he will rarely sing lead, focusing instead
on his role as the group's leader and organizer, and as the
background "baritone in the middle". The Smokey Robinson and
Eddie Kendrick written track "Don't Send Me Away" from the LP
"The Temptations with a Lot o' Soul" (1967), the intro on
early group song "Check Yourself" (1961) and the Norman
Whitfield-penned tune "I Ain't Got Nothing" from 1972's "All
Directions" will be extremely rare showcases for his singing
lead. He will provide non-singing (spoken word) contributions
to some Temptation songs, including "I'm Gonna Make You Love
Me" (1968, a hit duet with Diana Ross and Eddie Kendricks
sharing the lead vocals), and during the opening verse of
"Masterpiece" (1973). In 1989, he will be inducted into The
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of The Temptations. He
will receive an honorary doctorate from Stillman College in
May 2006.
1950 - Philip "Phil" Chenier is born in Berkeley, California. He will
become a professional basketball player and will be best known
as a member of the Washington Bullets team. He will be selected
fourth in the 1971 NBA Hardship Draft by the Baltimore Bullets,
and will play for them for eight seasons, from 1971 to 1979.
The franchise will move from Baltimore to Washington in 1973,
after his second season. He will be one the better shooting
guards in the NBA for the first six seasons in his career, but
will suffered a back injury early in the 1977–78 season and have
season-ending surgery. The Bullets will go on to win the NBA
title with Kevin Grevey as the shooting guard. He will never be
the same player after that; he will come back from his surgery
late the next season, but will never crack the Bullets' starting
lineup again. He will be released by the Bullets after the
1978–79 season, and play briefly for the Indiana Pacers and Golden
State Warriors and will retire after the 1980–81 season. He will
be a 1972 NBA All-Rookie Team selection, average 17.2 points per
game for his career, and be named to three NBA All-Star teams.
After retiring, he will become a television sportscaster for the
Washington Wizards.
1954 - The Defense Department announces that all units in the
armed forces are now integrated. The announcement comes
six years after President Harry S. Truman issued
Executive Order 9981.
1966 - Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, students at Oakland City
College in Oakland, California, create the Black Panther
Party for Self Defense.
1976 - Joseph H. Evans is elected president of the United Church
of Christ, the first African American to hold the post
in this predominantly white denomination.
1978 - Esther Rolle wins an Emmy Award for her role in "Summer
of my German Soldier."
1979 - Richard Arrington is the first African American to be
elected mayor of Birmingham, Alabama.
1989 - Frank Mingo, CEO of the Mingo Group, joins the ancestors
in New York City. He, along with D. Parke Gibson,
Barbara Proctor of Proctor and Gardner, and Tom Burrell
of Burrell Advertising was one of the pioneering
advertising executives who specialized in targeting
African American consumers.
1991 - Led by President Robert L. Johnson, BET Holdings, Inc.,
the parent company of Black Entertainment Television,
sells 4.2 million shares of stock in an initial public
offering on the New York Stock Exchange. BET is the first
African American company listed on the "Big Board."
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