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Date: | Sat, 29 Jul 2000 11:40:39 -0500 |
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Unique Identifier
20220887
Authors
MacDonald HB.
Institution
Dairy Farmers of Canada, Montreal, Quebec.
Title
Conjugated linoleic acid and disease prevention: a review of current
knowledge. [Review] [52 refs]
Abbreviated Source
J Am Coll Nutr. 19(2 Suppl):111S-118S, 2000 Apr.
Local Messages
CURRENTLY RECEIVED AT SOUTH LIBRARY
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a derivative of a fatty acid linoleic acid
(LA), has been reported to decrease tumorigenesis in animals. CLA is
unique because unlike most antioxidants which are components of plant
products, it is present in food from animal sources such as dairy foods
and meats. CLA concentrations in dairy products typically range from 2.9
to 8.92 mg/g fat of which the 9-cis, 11-trans isomer makes up to 73% to
93% of the total CLA. Low concentrations of CLA are found in human blood
and tissues. In vitro results suggest that CLA is cytotoxic to MCF-7 cells
and it inhibits the proliferation of human malignant melanoma and
colorectal cancer cells. In animal studies, CLA has inhibited the
development of mouse epidermal tumors, mouse forestomach cancer and rat
mammary cancer. Hamsters fed CLA collectively had significantly reduced
levels of plasma total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein
cholesterol, (combined very-low and low-density lipoprotein) and
triglycerides with no effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as
compared to controls. Dietary CLA modulated certain aspects of the immune
defense but had no obvious effect on the growth of an established,
aggressive mammary tumor in mice. It is now thought that CLA itself may
not have anti-oxidant capabilities but may produce substances which
protect cells from the detrimental effects of peroxides. There is,
however, insufficient evidence from human epidemiological data, and very
few of the animal studies have shown a dose-response relationship with the
quantity of CLA feed and the extent of tumor growth. Further research with
tumor models is needed to test the efficacy and utility of CLA in cancer
and other disease prevention and form the basis of evaluating its effect
in humans by observational studies and clinical trials. [References: 52]
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